Strukturno-geološki model područja Nacionalnog parka Plitvička jezera

master's thesis

• Title: Strukturno-geološki model područja Nacionalnog parka Plitvička jezera : diplomski rad
• Title (english): Structural-geological model of the Plitvice Lakes National Park area : master's thesis
• Author: Helena Krnjak
• Mentor: Bojan Matoš (mentor)
• Mentor: Ivica Pavičić (komentor)
• Committee member: Bojan Matoš (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Uroš Barudžija (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Igor Vlahović (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering; (Department of Geology and Geological Engineering); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-09-06, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: NATURAL SCIENCES; Geology

Abstract

Strukturni sklop Nacionalnog parka Plitvička jezera (NPPJ) predstavlja rezultat orogenetskih pokreta tijekom eocena i oligocena, a tijekom neogena i kvartara izmijenjen je kao posljedica neotektonskih aktivnosti. Cilj ovog rada bio je istražiti geološku građu područja NPPJ kroz terenska strukturno-stratigrafska istraživanja u sklopu kojih su prikupljeni podaci o orijentacijama slojeva, rasjeda, pukotina, osnim plohama boranih struktura uz uzorkovanje kojim bi se potvrdila stratigrafska pripadnost naslaga u području NPPJ. Područje istraživanja obuhvaća naslage mezozojske starosti od donjeg trijasa do gornje krede, uglavnom izgrađene od vapnenaca i dolomita. Prikupljeni strukturni podaci organizirani su u GIS bazu podataka te prikazani stereografskim prikazom pomoću računalnog programa Stereonet 10, dok je strukturna analiza polja paleonaprezanja provedena pomoću programskog paketa Tectonics FP. Proračun polja paleonaprezanja obuhvatio je proračun glavnih vektora režima naprezanja za izdvojene skupine rasjeda, pri čemu su definirane tri kinematske faze kojima su formirane strukture. Te tri faze obuhvaćaju Dinaridsku fazu kojom su nastali sustavi reversnih rasjeda kompresijom po pravcu SI–JZ, zatim su u „post-dinaridskom“ razdoblju nastali normalni rasjedi ekstenzijom po istom pravcu, a kao završna faza izdvojeni su strike-slip rasjedi koji dokazuju promjene dominantno kompresijskog režima naprezanja u transpresijski/transtenzijski režim naprezanja. Uz kinematsku analizu strukturnih mjerenja strukturna građa NPPJ analizirana je kroz pet geoloških profila poprečnih na strukture, te su isti korišteni pri izradi trodimenzionalnog pojednostavljenog strukturnog modela pomoću programskog paketa „Move“ (Midland Valley). Provedene strukturno-stratigrafske analize i konstruirani grafički prikazi omogućili su bolje razumijevanje geološke građe područja NPPJ odnosno bolje shvaćanje tektonske evolucije istraživanog područja, prisutnih sustava rasjeda i pukotina, a koji su zajedno s erozijom i hidrogeološkom aktivnošću utjecali na formiranje i održivost sustava jezera tijekom kvartara.

Abstract (english)

Structural framework of the Plitvice Lakes National park (PLNP) is the result of orogenesis during the Eocene and Oligocene, which was affected by neotectonics activities during Neogene and Quaternary. The principal research objectives of this MSc Thesis is to investigate geological properties of the PLNP area through field structural and stratigraphic investigations in which the data on the orientation of strata, faults, fractures and axial planes of folded structures were collected. Also, deposits in the Plitvice Lakes National Park were sampled to determine their stratigraphic age and composition. Study area includes Mesozoic deposits from Lower Triassic to Upper Cretaceous, mostly composed of limestones and dolomites. Collected structural data were organized into the GIS database and are illustrated in stereographic projection using Stereonet 10 software while structural analysis of palaeostress field was made using the Tectonics FP software. Calculation of palaeostress field included the calculation of the principal stress axes for the fault groups. Structural analysis defined three tectonic phases that formed the structures. These tectonic phases include the Dinaridic phase, which generated reverse fault system by compression oriented NE–SW, followed by formation of normal faults, generated by extension of the same orientation at the end of the Dinaridic phase (i.e., post-Dinaridic phase). During the final phase strike-slip faults were formed, and they show evidences of stress field changes from dominant compression regime to the transpressive/transtensive stress regime. Along with the structural analysis of structural measurements, structural framework of the Plitvice Lakes National Park was analysed on five geological profiles constructed normal to the structures, and these profiles were used to create simplified structural model using the “Move” software (Midland Valley). Structural and stratigraphic analyses and constructed graphical model enabled better understanding of the geological structure of the Plitvice Lakes National Park area, as well as better understanding of the tectonic evolution of the area, mapped faults and fractures, which together with erosion and hydrogeological activity influenced the formation and sustainability of the lake system during the Quaternary.

• Keywords: Nacionalni park Plitvička jezera; mezozojske naslage; Plitvički rasjed; polje paleonaprezanja; geološki profil; 3D strukturni model; „MOVE“ (Midland Valley)
• Keywords (english): National park Plitvice Lakes; Mesozoic deposits; Plitvice fault; palaeostress field; geological profiles; 3D structural model; MOVE software (Midland Valley)
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:169:432506
• Study programme: Title: Geology; specializations in: Geology of mineral resources and geophysical explorations; Course: Geology of mineral resources and geophysical explorations; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra geologije (magistar/magistra geologije)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2019-09-23 12:12:48