Utjecaj ekoloških standarda na dizajn tankera

master's thesis

• Title: Utjecaj ekoloških standarda na dizajn tankera : diplomski rad
• Title (english): Influence of environmental standards on the design of oil tankers : master’s thesis
• Author: Jurica Bašić
• Mentor: Lidia Hrnčević (mentor)
• Committee member: Lidia Hrnčević
• Committee member: Zdenko Krištafor
• Committee member: Katarina Simon
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering; (Department of Petroleum and Gas Engineering and energy); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2014-09-26, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Mining, Petroleum and Geology Engineering; Petroleum Mining

Abstract

Transport nafte i naftnih derivata tankerima od velikog je značaja za svjetsko tržište energije i
sigurnost energetske opskrbe. Tankerski prijevoz predstavlja određenu opasnost za okoliš jer može
uzrokovati velika onečišćenja i negativne posljedice za morske ekosustave ukoliko dođe do
tankerske nesreće i izlijevanja nafte u okoliš. Povijest prijevoza nafte brodovima počinje još u 19.
stoljeću i od tada su napravljeni značajni pomaci na unaprijeđivanju sigurnosti tankerskog
prijevoza. Velike tankerske nesreće rezultirale su porastom svijesti o opasnostima tankerskog
prijevoza po okoliš jer su skretale pozornost javnosti na postojeće probleme u tankerskoj industriji.
U zadnja četiri desetljeća doneseni su bitni međunarodni zakoni i konvencije koje su promijenile
način dizajna, konstrukcije i vođenja tankera s ciljem sprječavanja onečišćenja naftom. Najveći
značaj sa stajališta dizajna imala je MARPOL 73/78 konvencija i američki Zakon o zagađenju
naftom (OPA 90). U posljednjih 25 godina, donošenjem ovih zakonskih regulativa, tankerska
industrija prelazi na dizajn s dvostrukom oplatom, dok se stari tankeri s jednostrukom oplatom
povlače iz upotrebe. Broj velikih izljeva nafte u konstantnom je padu što sugerira da doneseni
zakoni ispunjavaju svoj cilj.

Abstract (english)

Abstract: Tanker transportation of oil and petroleum products is of great importance for the global energy
market and security of energy supply. Tanker transportation poses a certain threat to the
environment because it can cause significant pollution and negative consequences for marine
ecosystems in case of a major accident resulting in oil spillage in the environment. History of oil
transportation by ships began in 19th century and, since then, a significant progress has been made
on improving the safety of tanker transport. Major tanker accidents have resulted in an increase in
awareness of the dangers of tanker transport for the environment because they turned public
attention to the existing problems in the tanker industry. In the last four decades, significant
international laws and conventions were passed, which changed the design, construction and
operation of oil tankers in order to prevent oil pollution. From the standpoint of design of oil
tankers, most significant laws have been MARPOL 73/78 convention and U.S. Oil Pollution Act of
1990 (OPA 90). In the last 25 years, with the adoption of these legal regulations, the tanker
industry is moving to double hull design, while the old single hull tankers are being phased out.
The number of major oil spills is in a constant decline, which suggests that the adopted laws and
conventions are meeting their goals.

• Keywords: tankeri; tankerske nesreće; dizajn tankera; tankeri s dvostrukom oplatom; MARPOL 73/78; OPA 90
• Keywords (english): oil tankers; tanker accidents; design of tankers; double hull tankers; MARPOL 73/78; OPA 90
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:169:639495
• Study programme: Title: Petroleum Engineering; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka naftnog rudarstva (magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka naftnog rudarstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2016-01-13 14:20:50