Nalazišta plina u Arktiku i njegova eksploatacija u državama arktičkog pojasa

master's thesis

• Title: Nalazišta plina u Arktiku i njegova eksploatacija u državama arktičkog pojasa : diplomski rad
• Title (english): Natural gas deposits in the Arctic and its exploitation in the Arctic Circle countries : master's thesis
• Author: Vanja Lež
• Mentor: Daria Karasalihović Sedlar (mentor)
• Committee member: Daria Karasalihović Sedlar
• Committee member: Zdenko Krištafor
• Committee member: Igor Dekanić
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering; (Department of Petroleum and Gas Engineering and energy); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2012-11-08, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Mining, Petroleum and Geology Engineering; Petroleum Mining

Abstract

Vodeće svjetske geološke institucije pretpostavljaju postojanje velikih količina nafte i plina unutar arktičkog pojasa. Pretpostavljene količine iznose 25% od ukupnih neotkrivenih količina ugljikovodika na Zemlji, odnosno 410 milijardi barela ekvivalenta nafte. Najveći dio neotkrivenih rezervi, oko dvije trećine, se pretpostavlja da su rezerve prirodnog plina. Dosad je unutar arktičkog pojasa otkriveno preko 500 većih ili manjih plinskih akumulacija, ali osim plinskog polja Snøhvit u Norveškoj, zasad nema komercijalne eksploatacije prirodnog plina iz tog područja. Arktički plinski projekti su kompleksni, skupi i tehnički vrlo zahtjevni, a predstavljaju velik rizik za povratak uloženih sredstava, sigurnost ljudi i opreme te za ekosustav u cjelini. Rusija je država koja je najbliže realizaciji arktičkih plinskih projekata, ruska arktička plinska ležišta u prosjeku su nekoliko puta veća od plinskih ležišta otkrivenih u ostalim državama arktičkog pojasa. U završnoj fazi je projekt razrade plinskog polja Bovanenkovo na poluotoku Jamal, gdje su potvrđene velike rezerve plina od 4,9 bilijuna m3 prirodnog plina. Plinsko-kondenzatno polje Shtokmanskoye u Barentsovom moru s rezervama od 3,9 bilijuna m3 prirodnog plina idući je veliki ruski arktički projekt. Norveška zbog prognoziranog pada proizvodnje u Norveškom i Sjevernom moru sve više ulaže u istraživanje Arktika. Norveška polja su manja, bolje istražena i jeftinija za razradu, a norveška kompanija Statoil ima veliko iskustvo u primjeni tehnologija podmorskog bušenja i proizvodnje. SAD i Kanada pokazuju manji interes za eksploataciju arktičkog plina zbog sve većeg ulaganja i napretka tehnologije proizvodnje plina iz plinskih šejlova i ostalih nekonvencionalnih ležišta ugljikovodika. Zbog najekstremnijih vremenskih uvjeta u morima oko Grenlanda, to je područje Arktika najdalje od realizacije bilo kakvih plinskih projekata.

Abstract (english)

Abstract: The world's leading geological institutions assume the existence of large quantities of oil and gas within the Arctic Circle. Assumed quantities are 25% of the total undiscovered hydrocarbon reserves on Earth, or 410 billion barrels of oil equivalent. Natural gas represents the most of the undiscovered reserves, about two-thirds. So far, over 500 major and minor gas accumulations were discovered within the Arctic Circle, but apart from Snøhvit gas field in Norway, there is no commercial exploitation of natural gas from Arctic fields. Arctic gas projects are complex, technically very challenging, and pose a great risk to the return on investment, safety of people and equipment and risk for the ecosystem. Russia is a country that is closest to the realization of Arctic gas projects, Russian Arctic gas deposits on the average are several times higher than gas deposits discovered in other Arctic Circle countries. The development of Bovanenkovo gas field on the Yamal Peninsula is in the final phase of the project, with relatively large proved gas reserves of 4.9 billion m3 of natural gas. Shtokman gas-condensate field in the Barents Sea with reserves of 3.9 billion m3 of natural gas is the next great Russian Arctic project. Norway due to the anticipated decline in domestic production is increasingly investing in Arctic research. Norwegian fields are smaller, cheaper to develop and better researched, and a Norwegian national company Statoil has extensive experience in applying the technology of offshore drilling and production. U.S. and Canada have shown little interest in the exploitation of Arctic gas due to increasing investment and technology advances of gas production from shale gas and other unconventional hydrocarbon reservoirs. Because of the most extreme weather conditions in the seas around Greenland, this Arctic region is furthest from the realization of any gas project.

• Keywords: Arktik; plinski potencijal; ležišta plina; Rusija; Shtokmanskoye
• Keywords (english): Arctic; gas potential; gas deposits; Russia; Shtokman
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:169:750621
• Study programme: Title: Petroleum engineering; specializations in: Petroleum engineering, Energy production and supply, Environmental protection in petroleum engineering; Course: Energy production and supply; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka naftnog rudarstva (magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka naftnog rudarstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2016-03-16 11:55:32