Stanja, postupci i formule za kontrolu tlaka u bušotini

master's thesis

• Title: Stanja, postupci i formule za kontrolu tlaka u bušotini : diplomski rad
• Title (english): Situations, procedures and formulas for well control : master’s thesis
• Author: Dominik Girtšal
• Mentor: Zdenko Krištafor (mentor)
• Committee member: Zdenko Krištafor (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Nediljka Gaurina-Međimurec (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Borivoje Pašić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering; (Department of Petroleum and Gas Engineering and energy); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2017-02-17, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Mining, Petroleum and Geology Engineering; Petroleum Mining

Abstract

Osnovna zadaća kontrole tlaka u bušotini je isplakom vršiti nadtlak na sloj kako ne bi došlo do utoka slojnih fluida u kanal bušotine. Hidrostatički tlak stupca isplake sredstvo je primarne kontrole tlaka, a pojava dotoka znak je njenog gubitka. Preventerski sklop postavljen na ušću bušotine kojim se, jednom kad je dotok utvrđen, bušotina zatvara, sredstvo je sekundarne kontrole tlaka. Nakon zatvaranja, bušotina se pojednostavljeno promatra kao U-cijev i tlakovi se očitavaju na bušaćim šipkama i nad prstenastim prostorom. Na temelju očitanih tlakova i ostalih faktora kao što je stanje i položaj alatki, odabire se neka od metoda ugušivanja bušotine kako bi se ponovno uspostavila primarna kontrola tlaka. Opisani postupci i formule služe sprječavanju dotoka, ali zbog nepredvidivih okolnosti, neopreza i/ili manjka iskustva bušaćeg osoblja, dotok se ne može uvijek spriječiti. Preciznost proračuna od krucijalne je važnosti kako bi se bušotina ugušila i izbjegao najnepovoljniji ishod – gubitak bušotine i/ili ljudskih života.

Abstract (english)

Abstract: The main objective of well control is to overbalance the formation pressure by using drilling fluid thus preventing influx of formation fluids into the well. The hydrostatic pressure of the drilling fluid column is the instrument of primary pressure control. The loss of primary pressure control signals the influx of formation fluids. The blow-out prevention assembly located at the top of the well is used to close the well after the detection of influx, representing the means of secondary pressure control. After the well is shut in, it is treated as a closed U-tube. Pressure is measured at the wellhead producing readings for the pressure inside the drillpipe and casing. In order to regain primary control, an appropriate well killing method is selected based on the pressure readings and other factors, such as the condition and positioning of drilling tools. The procedures and formulas described in this thesis are used to prevent and control influx. Despite this, influxes and kicks still occur as a result of unpredictable issues, irreverence and an inexperienced staff. When applying a kill well method accurate calculations are crucial in order to regain control over the well and to prevent the worst case scenario – loss of the well and human lives.

• Keywords: kontrola tlaka; primarna kontrola tlaka; sekundarna kontrola tlaka; metode ugušivanja; formule
• Keywords (english): well control; primary pressure control; secondary pressure control; well kill methods; formulas
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:169:193928
• Study programme: Title: Petroleum engineering; specializations in: Petroleum engineering, Energy production and supply, Environmental protection in petroleum engineering; Course: Petroleum engineering; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka naftnog rudarstva (magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka naftnog rudarstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2017-03-06 11:52:04