Proizvodnja bioplina, njegova upotreba i potencijal u Europskoj uniji i Republici Hrvatskoj

master's thesis

• Title: Proizvodnja bioplina, njegova upotreba i potencijal u Europskoj uniji i Republici Hrvatskoj : diplomski rad
• Title (english): Biogas, production, use and its potential in the European Union and the Republic of Croatia : master's thesis
• Author: Josipa Pavičić
• Mentor: Karolina Novak Mavar (mentor)
• Committee member: Karolina Novak Mavar (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Lidia Hrnčević (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Vladislav Brkić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering; (Department of Petroleum and Gas Engineering and energy); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-09-28, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Mining, Petroleum and Geology Engineering; Petroleum Mining

Abstract

Bioplin je plinovito gorivo proizvedeno iz biomase, koje se ubraja u obnovljive izvore energije. Proizvodi se procesom anaerobne digestije u fermentoru, bez prisutnosti kisika i provodi se kroz četiri faze: hidroliza, acidogeneza, acetogeneza i metanogeneza. Ulazni supstrat u fermentor može biti stajski gnoj, gnojnica, organski komunalni otpad, mulj iz pročišćivača voda, silaža i dr. Zbog svojstva ulaznog supstrata nužno ga je obraditi prije ulaska u fermentor što znači da se mora pročistiti od plastike, pijeska, metala i ostalih nečistoća. Zatim se provodi sanitacija kako bi se uništile neželjene tvari u supstratu te se provodi mehanička obrada. Kada je supstrat obrađen i usitnjen slijedi proces anaerobne digestije iz koje kao nusprodukti izlaze bioplin i digestat. Prema niskougljičnoj strategiji očekuje se da će do 2050. godine EU biti klimatski neutralna, stoga se ulažu veliki napori kako bi se povećala proizvodnja energije iz obnovljivih izvora. Kao najveći proizvođači bioplina u Europi ističu se Njemačka, Velika Britanija, Francuska i Italija, dok je u Republici Hrvatskoj njegova upotreba još uvijek u nezreloj fazi. Proizvodnja i upotreba bioplina ima brojne prednosti u odnosu na fosilna goriva između kojih su pozitivan učinak na okoliš, iskorištavanje komunalnog otpada, ulaganja u ruralna područja i drugo.

Abstract (english)

Biogas is a gaseous fuel produced from biomass, which is a renewable energy source. It is produced by the process of anaerobic digestion in the fermenter. The process itself is anaerobic and it is carried out in four phases: hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis and methanogenesis. The input substrate in the fermenter can be manure, slurry, organic household waste, sludge from water treatment plants, silage, as well as many others sources. The input to the fermenter is usually the mixture of different substrates. Due to the properties of the input substrate, it is necessary to process it before entering it into the fermenter. That means that it must be cleaned from plastic, sand, metal and other impurities. Sanitation is then performed to destroy unwanted substances in the substrate and mechanical treatment follows. After the substrate is processed and crushed, it is subjected to process of anaerobic digestion. In the previously mentioned process, biogas and digestate emerge as by-products. According to the low-carbon strategy, EU is expected to be climate-neutral by 2050. Great efforts are made to increase energy production from renewable sources. Germany, Great Britain, France and Italy stand out as the largest producers of biogas in Europe, while in the Republic of Croatia its use is still in an early phase. The production and use of biogas have numerous benefits in comparison to fossil fuels, such as positive effect on the environment, the utilization of municipal waste, investments in rural areas and many others.

• Keywords: bioplin; obnovljivi izvori energije; anaerobna digestija; digestat
• Keywords (english): biogas; renewable energy sources; anaerobic digestion; digestate
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:169:880339
• Study programme: Title: Petroleum engineering; specializations in: Petroleum engineering, Energy production and supply, Environmental protection in petroleum engineering; Course: Energy production and supply; Study programme type: university; Study level: graduate; Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka naftnog rudarstva (magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka naftnog rudarstva)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-11-17 12:28:23